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portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">Brigatinib与其他靶药物一样,是一种酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(TKI),可针对多个靶点,如ALK、ROS1、胰岛素样生长因子1受体(IGF - 1R)、FLT-3以及EGFR突变等。EGFR和ALK是肺癌中最为常见且有明确疗效的两个靶点,极少有药物可以同时覆盖两个位点,这种超级配置也意味着Brigatinib药物会在肺癌领域里多面应用。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">ALK突变
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">Brigatinib主要是针对ALK继发耐药突变,即克唑替尼耐药后产生的激酶区的二次突变,它能覆盖的位点较多,对F1174C, L1196M, S1206R, E1210K, F1245C, and G1269S的突变都有明确抑制,但对L1198F、S1206C/Y原发耐药。在克唑替尼耐药的患者试验中取得了不俗的临床结果。
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portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">此次FDA批准就是基于一项双臂的、开放标签的、多中心的Ⅱ期临床试验(ALTA,NCT02094573)。总计222名患者被随机分配到两个brigatinib剂量组,?90mg剂量组(n=112):每日服用brigatinib 90mg;?180mg剂量组(n=110):该组病人头7天每日服用brigatinib 90mg,之后每日服用brigatinib 180mg。患者中位年龄为54岁,93%的病人PS评分0-1分,7%的病人为2分。60%的病人在入组前无吸烟史。74%的病人之前接受过化疗。65%的病人对crizotinib完全或部分反应。
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portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">试验结果
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">根据RECIST1.1标准,90mg剂量组的客观缓解率ORR为48%(95% CI:39%,58%),180mg剂量组的客观缓解率ORR为53%(95% CI:43%,62%)。平均随访8个月后,中位无进展生存时间PFS为13.8个月。180mg剂量组有4个病人达到完全缓解CR,90mg剂量组则有1个病人达到完全缓解CR。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">在90mg剂量组,中位无进展时间PFS为9.2个月。180mg剂量组较90mg剂量组的患者,疾病进展或死亡的风险降低45%。180mg剂量组和90mg剂量组的一年无进展生存率分别为54%,39%。
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portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">180mg剂量组和90mg剂量组的一年总存活OS率分别为80%,71%。中位总生存时间尚未达到。
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portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">在那些可测量的有脑转移的病人中,90mg剂量组(n=26)的颅内缓解率ORR是42%(95% CI:23%,63%),180mg剂量组(n=18)的颅内缓解率ORR是67%(95% CI:41%,87%)。颅内中位反应持续时间DOR,90mg剂量组无法测算,180mg剂量组为5.6个月。在表现出颅内响应的患者中,78%的90mg组的患者和68%的180mg组的患者反应持续至少4个月。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">药物安全
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">ALTA试验评估了219名接受过至少一剂brigatinib的患者。最常见的不良反应(>25%)
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">包括恶心、腹泻、疲劳、咳嗽和头痛。最常见的严重不良反应是肺炎。在3.7%的病人中发生致命的不良反应,包括肺炎(2例),猝死,呼吸衰竭,呼吸衰竭,肺栓塞,细菌性脑膜炎和尿脓毒病(1例病人)。在接受brigatinib的患者中也出现了视觉障碍。在接受90mg和180mg治疗的患者中,分别有2.8%和8.2%的患者永久停药。
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portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">二代ALK哪家强
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">目前三个二代ALK抑制剂色瑞替尼、艾乐替尼、Brigatinib都已上市,一场血战在即。三个药物那种更好呢。
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portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">Brigatinib二线独领风骚
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">Brigatinib的PFS是13.个月,高于色瑞替尼及的6.9及艾乐替尼的8.9个月。当然还是需要头对头的临床试验最终佐证。
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portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">较早上市的色瑞替尼及艾乐替尼先行一步,拿下ALK一线
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">目前用于ALK融合阳性的一线治疗药物色瑞替尼的ASCEND4及艾乐替尼J-ALEX临床试验以绝对的压倒形式拿下一线地位,色瑞替尼也在NCCN指南中获得一线地位。而Brigatinib的一线冲击试验Ⅲ期ALTA - 1L研究已经开始,步伐上稍晚,但期待一定也会有不俗的成绩。
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portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">EGFRT790M突变
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">去年的T790M突变各类药物纷纷亮相,在AZD9291登顶的后面有很多药物都在尝试,Brigatinib就是其中的一种。厚积薄发,2017年在naturecommunication上发表的一篇针对于T790M继发耐药突变C797S的解决方案Brigatinib联合西妥昔单抗在体外水平获得出其不意的疗效,获得了一席之位。
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portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">EGFR/ALK双阳肺癌
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">两种明确的驱动基因确实很难再同一种患者中出现,总体发生率1.3%左右。曾经有研究分析EGFR突变阳性患者中ALK融合占15.79%。针对这类患者的治疗选择各异,而Brigatinib可作为这类患者的尝试方式之一。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">Reference:
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">1.https://www.fda.gov/Drugs/InformationOnDrugs/ApprovedDrugs/ucm555841.htm
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">2.http://www.targetedonc.com/news/brigatinib-approved-by-fda-for-alkpositive-nsclc
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">3.Brigatinibcombinedwith anti-EGFR antibody overcomes osimertinib resistancein EGFR-mutated non-small-cell lung cancer.NATURE COMMUNICATIONS,2017 Mar 13;8:14768.